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Nonmetal is a term used in chemistry when classifying the chemical elements. On the basis of their general physical and chemical properties, every element in the periodic table can be termed either a metal or a nonmetal. (A few elements with intermediate properties are referred to as metalloids.)
The elements generally regarded as nonmetals are:
There is no rigorous definition for the term "nonmetal" - it covers a general spectrum of behaviour. Common properties considered characteristic of a nonmetal include:
Only eighteen elements in the periodic table are generally considered nonmetals, compared to over eighty metals, but nonmetals make up most of the crust, atmosphere and oceans of the earth. Bulk tissues of living organisms are composed almost entirely of nonmetals. Most nonmetals form monatomic or diatomic molecules in their elemental state, unlike metals which (in their elemental state) do not form molecules at all.
Metallisation at huge pressures
Nevertheless, even these 18 elements tend to become metallic at large enough pressures (see nearby periodic table at ~300 GPa).
See also
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