In enzymology, a glycine N-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.20) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + glycine S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + sarcosine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are S-adenosyl methionine and glycine, whereas its two products are S-adenosylhomocysteine and sarcosine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those transferring one-carbon group methyltransferases. The systematic name of this enzyme class is S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine N-methyltransferase. Other names in common use include glycine methyltransferase, S-adenosyl-L-methionine:glycine methyltransferase, and GNMT. This enzyme participates in glycine, serine and threonine metabolism.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 12 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1BHJ, 1D2C, 1D2G, 1D2H, 1KIA, 1NBH, 1NBI, 1R74, 1XVA, 2AZT, 2IDJ, and 2IDK.

References

• IUBMB entry for 2.1.1.20
• BRENDA references for 2.1.1.20 (Recommended.)
• PubMed references for 2.1.1.20
• PubMed Central references for 2.1.1.20
• Google Scholar references for 2.1.1.20
• BLUMENSTEIN J, WILLIAMS GR (1963). "Glycine methyltransferase". Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 41: 201–10. PMID 13971907. 
• Ogawa H, Gomi T, Takusagawa F, Fujioka M (1998). "Structure, function and physiological role of glycine N-methyltransferase". Int. J. Biochem. Cell. Biol. 30: 13–26. doi:10.1016/S1357-2725(97)00105-2. PMID 9597750. 
• Yeo EJ, Briggs WT, Wagner C (1999). "Inhibition of glycine N-methyltransferase by 5-methyltetrahydrofolate pentaglutamate". J. Biol. Chem. 274: 37559–64. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.53.37559. PMID 10608809. 
• FI (2000). "A substrate switch: a new mode of regulation in the methionine metabolic pathway". J. Theor. Biol. 204: 521–32. doi:10.1006/jtbi.2000.2035. PMID 10833353. 
• Fujioka M, Takusagawa F (2003). "Catalytic mechanism of glycine N-methyltransferase". Biochemistry. 42: 8394–402. doi:10.1021/bi034245a. PMID 12859184. 
• Pakhomova S, Luka Z, Grohmann S, Wagner C, Newcomer ME (2004). "Glycine N-methyltransferases: a comparison of the crystal structures and kinetic properties of recombinant human, mouse and rat enzymes". Proteins. 57: 331–7. doi:10.1002/prot.20209. PMID 15340920. 

External links

The CAS registry number for this enzyme class is 37228-72-1.

• IUBMB entry for 2.1.1.20

• KEGG entry for 2.1.1.20

• BRENDA entry for 2.1.1.20

• NiceZyme view of 2.1.1.20

• EC2PDB: PDB structures for 2.1.1.20

• PRIAM entry for 2.1.1.20

• PUMA2 entry for 2.1.1.20

• IntEnz: Integrated Enzyme entry for 2.1.1.20

• MetaCyc entry for 2.1.1.20

• Atomic-resolution structures of enzymes belonging to this class

Gene Ontology (GO) codes

• EGO entry for GO code 0017174: glycine N-methyltransferase

• AMIGO entry for GO code 0017174: glycine N-methyltransferase

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