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In enzymology, a dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase (EC 2.3.1.168) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2-methylpropanoyl-CoA + enzyme N₆-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine CoA + enzyme N₆-(S-[2-methylpropanoyl]dihydrolipoyl)lysine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA and enzyme N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine, whereas its two products are CoA and [[enzyme N6-(S-[2-methylpropanoyl]dihydrolipoyl)lysine]].

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA:enzyme-N6-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine S-(2-methylpropanoyl)transferase. Other names in common use include dihydrolipoyl transacylase, enzyme-dihydrolipoyllysine:2-methylpropanoyl-CoA, S-(2-methylpropanoyl)transferase, 2-methylpropanoyl-CoA:enzyme-6-N-(dihydrolipoyl)lysine, and S-(2-methylpropanoyl)transferase. This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 6 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1ZWV, 2COO, 2IHW, 2II3, 2II4, and 2II5.

References

• IUBMB entry for 2.3.1.168
• BRENDA references for 2.3.1.168 (Recommended.)
• PubMed references for 2.3.1.168
• PubMed Central references for 2.3.1.168
• Google Scholar references for 2.3.1.168
• Massey LK, Sokatch JR, Conrad RS (1976). "Branched-chain amino acid catabolism in bacteria". Bacteriol. Rev. 40: 42–54. PMID 773366. 
• Chuang DT, Hu CC, Ku LS, Niu WL, Myers DE, Cox RP (1984). "Catalytic and structural properties of the dihydrolipoyl transacylase component of bovine branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase". J. Biol. Chem. 259: 9277–84. PMID 6746648. 
• Wynn RM, Davie JR, Zhi W, Cox RP, Chuang DT (1994). "In vitro reconstitution of the 24-meric E2 inner core of bovine mitochondrial branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase complex: requirement for chaperonins GroEL and GroES". Biochemistry. 33: 8962–8. doi:10.1021/bi00196a014. PMID 7913832. 
• Perham RN (2000). "Swinging arms and swinging domains in multifunctional enzymes: catalytic machines for multistep reactions". Annu. Rev. Biochem. 69: 961–1004. doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.69.1.961. PMID 10966480. 

External links

• IUBMB entry for 2.3.1.168

• KEGG entry for 2.3.1.168

• BRENDA entry for 2.3.1.168

• NiceZyme view of 2.3.1.168

• EC2PDB: PDB structures for 2.3.1.168

• PRIAM entry for 2.3.1.168

• PUMA2 entry for 2.3.1.168

• IntEnz: Integrated Enzyme entry for 2.3.1.168

• MetaCyc entry for 2.3.1.168

• Atomic-resolution structures of enzymes belonging to this class

Gene Ontology (GO) codes

• EGO entry for GO code 0043754: dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase

• AMIGO entry for GO code 0043754: dihydrolipoyllysine-residue (2-methylpropanoyl)transferase

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