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Biosynthesis is a phenomenon wherein chemical compounds are produced from simpler reagents. Biosynthesis, unlike chemosynthesis, takes place within living organisms and is generally catalyzed by enzymes. The process is a vital part of metabolism.
The prerequisites for biosynthesis are:
- Precursor substances
- Energy (usually in the form of ATP).
Often required components include:
- Catalysts, usually enzymes
- Reduction equivalents (in the form of NADH, NADPH, and others).
Important and commonly-known products of biosynthesis include proteins, vitamins, and antibiotics, but all components of living beings are a result of this process. In the near future, it may be possible, with the help of biotechnology, to harness this process for the production of biodegradable plastics.
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